How ordinary mouthwashes kill the SARS-CoV-2

This article is about the efficacy of Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) in killing SARS-CoV-2 viruses.

The research,  Virucidal activity, and mechanism of action of cetylpyridinium chloride against SARS-CoV-2  is from The University of Miyazaki in Japan and is a preprint at medRxiv. 

The authors tested the antiviral activity of cetylpyridinium chloride or CPC against SARS-CoV-2. CPC is an ingredient in mouthwashes like Crest Pro-Health Intense Mouthwash (0.05% CPC), Colgate Total Pro-Shield Alcohol-Free Mouthwash (0.075% CPC), and TheraBreath Healthy Gums (0.05% CPC).

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Their study showed the CPC concentrations at (0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.3%) effectively inactivated SARS-CoV-2 within 20 and 60 seconds.

The table below shows their results. At 0.05% CPC concentration, 91.9 % of the viruses were reduced at 20 seconds contact time, and at 60 seconds, >97% of the viruses were reduced. The CPC’s disrupts the viral envelope and inactivates the viral enveloped SARS-CoV-2.

Source: Okamoto et al., 2022

Povidone-Iodine (PI) was used as a positive control. You can see on the table that it is also effective as a mouthwash to prevent upper respiratory tract infections. Nasal rinse and deep gargle stop viral respiratory infections in their tracks.

Okamoto and colleagues also showed that CPC prevented the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 from adhering to the ACE2 receptors by denaturing the spike protein rendering it ineffective for ACE2 attachment.

Source: Okamoto et al. 2022

Figure A below shows the lower reduction of spike-ACE2 binding at 0.05% concentration. Figure B shows the highest reduction in binding with the 0.05% concentration compared to 0%, 0.0125%, and 0.3%.

The study adds that CPC mouthwashes and povidone-iodine mouthwashes can stop COVID-19 infections before they worsen. Initial viral loads determine COVID-19 severity.

Mouthwashes are readily available and inexpensive ways to avoid an expensive hospital bill.

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Reference:

Nako OkamotoAkatsuki SaitoTamaki OkabayashiAkihiko Komine