Genetic recombination is when gene sequences from two organisms combine. It is common among RNA viruses like coronaviruses. Recombination can happen when infected with two distinct mutants or variants. Two pandemic variants, Delta and Omicron 21K succeeded in southern France but co-circulated for several weeks.
That explains why three people in southern France got infected with a Deltamicron recombinant. They were not related epidemiological, and all had mild respiratory symptoms. Two were vaccinated against the SARS-CoV-2 (with two or three doses administered).
Virologists studied the three SARS-CoV-2 isolates at Aix-Marseille University in Provence, southern France. The viruses isolated contained genetic sequences from the Delta and Omicron variant and called Delta 21J/AY.4–Omicron 21K/BA.1. It comprises the near full-length spike gene of an Omicron 21K/BA.1 variant in a Delta 21J/AY.4 lineage backbone. The cases were similar to 15 other patients in Europe in January 2022.
The researchers cultured an isolate of this recombinant and sequenced its genome. This study is the first to isolate and culture Deltamicron. So if you hear someone say that the SARS-CoV-2 does not exist and has never been isolated, educate them by referring to the paper cited here.
The figure below is a schematic representation of the Deltamicron recombinant and its “parents” genome.
The Deltamicron was also observed by scanning electron microscopy. See below.
Since current PCR tests cannot detect Deltamicron, the authors created a PCR test for routine use for the recombinant.
Based on three cases, we can say that Deltamicron can evade antibodies elicited by the COVID shots and produce mild respiratory symptoms like the Omicron; however, we should still keep an eye on it if there are more.
You can order SARS-CoV-2 from Aix-Marseille University if you are in the academe. Where to order a freeze-dried SARS-CoV-2
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