Moderna and Pfizer COVID jabs Increase Anti-inflammatory IgG4

A new study showed that IgG4 increases with time with Moderna and Pfizer mRNA shots.[1] The rise in Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) is concerning because, in contrast to IgG1 and IgG3, which eliminate the virus, IgG4 tolerates them and allows them to persist.

In December 2022, Irrgang P et al. published their study, Class switch towards non-inflammatory, spike-specific IgG4 antibodies after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. I wrote about it in

Pfizer mRNA shots Switch Antibodies to Non-Neutralizing IgG4

This time Buhre et al. released mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 induce comparably low long-term IgG Fc galactosylation and sialylation levels but increasing long-term IgG4 responses compared to an adenovirus-based vaccine in Frontiers of Immunology in January 2023.

The study evaluated the effects of the Pfizer BNT162b2, Moderna mRNA-1273, and the AstraZeneca adenovirus-based vaccine AZD1222 and their long-term impact on the immunoglobulin (Ig) responses.

The participants were grouped into the SARS-CoV-2 naïve (no known SARS-CoV-2 history) and non-hospitalized pre-infected (past SARS-CoV-2 infection).

The participants were divided into what COVID vaccines they had received.

  1. 48 naïve individuals received two doses of the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine BNT162b2
  2. 25 naïve individuals received two doses of the Moderna mRNA-1273
  3. 14 naïve individuals received two doses of the AstraZeneca
  4. 12 naïve individuals received one dose of AstraZeneca and subsequently one dose of Pfizer BNT162b2
  5. 44 naïve individuals received one dose of AstraZeneca and later one dose of Moderna
  6. 14 non-hospitalized pre-infected individuals received one or two doses of BNT162b2

The antibodies against the spike protein (anti-S1) of the SARS-CoV-2 in the blood and saliva of both groups were analyzed at the start of the study and after 270 days (nine months)

Results:

Pfizer and Moderna increased IgG1 and IgG3 for up to nine months only.

The Moderna, Pfizer mRNA, and the AstraZeneca COVID shots increased the anti-S1 IgG1 and IgG3 until 270 days.

Both mRNA- and adenovirus-based vaccines generate comparable long-term anti-S1 IgG1 and IgG3 levels up to day 270

After nine months, IgG4 increased in those with two injections of Pfizer and Moderna.

After that, the Moderna and Pfizer mRNA shots and one where AstraZeneca was boosted with an mRNA vaccine increased the IgG4 response in the uninfected patients (naïve) before they were vaccinated. This was more pronounced if the booster was with the Moderna mRNA shot.

Very interestingly, two mRNA immunizations as well as one AZD1222 immunization with an mRNA booster, in particular with the mRNA-1273 vaccine, induced long-term anti-S1 IgG4 responses – the IgG subclass with inhibitory effector functions – in naïve subjects. 

Recall that IgG4 is a non-inflammatory antibody and does not protect against foreign antigens like SARS-CoV-2.

IgA did not decrease.

Fortunately, the IgA levels in the saliva remained stable and might be able to protect against COVID-19 infections.

Higher and more stable anti-S1 (s)IgA levels in the saliva of pre-infected vaccinees might explain their higher protection from infection and spread of SARS-CoV-2.

AstraZeneca did not increase IgG4.

For participants with two AstraZeneca shots, the increase in IgG4 did not happen after nine months.

 In contrast, we could not observe such an increase upon two immunizations with the AZD1222 vaccine in naïve individuals up to day 270, suggesting that only mRNA vaccines generate detectable long-term IgG4 responses at least until day 270.

The image below shows the rise and fall (y-axis) of IgG1, IgG3, and IgG4 with time (x-axis). B is Biontech/Pfizer, M is Moderna, and A is AstraZeneca.

Notice the decreased protective antibodies IgG1 and IgG3 while the anti-inflammatory IgG4 increased.

Source: Buhre JS et al. mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 induce comparably low long-term IgG Fc galactosylation and sialylation levels but increasing long-term IgG4 responses compared to an adenovirus-based vaccine. Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 12;13:1020844.

In summary, the Moderna and Pfizer mRNA shots increase the amount of IgG4 after nine months. This is consistent with the previous study by Irrgang et al. 

Buhre and colleagues in the featured study did not wholly commit that the rise in IgG4 would make the Pfizer and Moderna recipients more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infections.

The rise in IgG4 would explain why COVID-19 persists going into the third year of COVID-19.

However, the increase in the IgG4 may explain why – Repeated COVID booster shots Impair Immunity.

In the research by Gao et al., the fourth booster shot, which approximates nine months, lowered the immune response. 

High IgG4 has consequences. — Three Studies Link High IgG4 to Severe COVID-19

 

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References:

  1. Buhre JS et al. mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 induce comparably low long-term IgG Fc galactosylation and sialylation levels but increasing long-term IgG4 responses compared to an adenovirus-based vaccine. Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 12;13:1020844. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1020844. PMID: 36713457; PMCID: PMC9877300.
  2. Irrgang P et al. Class switch towards non-inflammatory, spike-specific IgG4 antibodies after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY. Dec 22, 2022. DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.ade2798

 

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2 Replies to “Moderna and Pfizer COVID jabs Increase Anti-inflammatory IgG4”

  1. Let’s play “Dr. Evil” for a moment.
    Knowing everything that we now know about COVID and the COVID BIOWEAPON INJECTIONS… If you were evil and intent on killing a lot of people while maintaining “plausible deniability”…
    Would you do ANYTHING different?

    1. It is hard to top the damage of the shots and the evil of the people who forced them into people.

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